Commercial Herbicides Can Trigger the Oxidative Inactivation of Acetohydroxyacid Synthase

Author:

Lonhienne Thierry1,Nouwens Amanda1,Williams Craig M.1ORCID,Fraser James A.1,Lee Yu‐Ting1,West Nicholas P.1,Guddat Luke W.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 QLD Australia

Abstract

AbstractAcetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors are highly successful commercial herbicides. New kinetic data show that the binding of these compounds leads to reversible accumulative inhibition of AHAS. Crystallographic data (to a resolution of 2.17 Å) for an AHAS–herbicide complex shows that closure of the active site occurs when the herbicidal inhibitor binds, thus preventing exchange with solvent. This feature combined with new kinetic data shows that molecular oxygen promotes an accumulative inhibition leading to the conclusion that the exceptional potency of these herbicides is augmented by subversion of an inherent oxygenase side reaction. The reactive oxygen species produced by this reaction are trapped in the active site, triggering oxidation reactions that ultimately lead to the alteration of the redox state of the cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a feature that accounts for the observed reversible accumulative inhibition.

Funder

NHMRC

ARC

Publisher

Wiley

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