Secretion‐Catalyzed Assembly of Protein Biomaterials on a Bacterial Membrane Surface

Author:

Xie Qi1ORCID,On Lee Sea1,Vissamsetti Nitya1,Guo Sikao2,Johnson Margaret E.2ORCID,Fried Stephen D.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry Johns Hopkins University 21218 Baltimore MD USA

2. T. C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics Johns Hopkins University 21218 Baltimore MD USA

Abstract

AbstractProtein‐based biomaterials have played a key role in tissue engineering, and additional exciting applications as self‐healing materials and sustainable polymers are emerging. Over the past few decades, recombinant expression and production of various fibrous proteins from microbes have been demonstrated; however, the resulting proteins typically must then be purified and processed by humans to form usable fibers and materials. Here, we show that the Gram‐positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis can be programmed to secrete silk through its translocon via an orthogonal signal peptide/peptidase pair. Surprisingly, we discover that this translocation mechanism drives the silk proteins to assemble into fibers spontaneously on the cell surface, in a process we call secretion‐catalyzed assembly (SCA). Secreted silk fibers form self‐healing hydrogels with minimal processing. Alternatively, the fibers retained on the membrane provide a facile route to create engineered living materials from Bacillus cells. This work provides a blueprint to achieve autonomous assembly of protein biomaterials in useful morphologies directly from microbial factories.

Funder

National Institute of General Medical Sciences

Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Medicine

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