Amine‐Carbamate Self‐Immolative Spacers Counterintuitively Release 3° Alcohol at Much Faster Rates than 1° Alcohol Payloads

Abstract

AbstractSelf‐immolative (SI) spacers are degradable chemical connectors widely used in prodrugs and drug conjugates to release pharmaceutical ingredients in response to specific stimuli. Amine‐carbamate SI spacers are particularly versatile, as they have been used to release different hydroxy cargos, ranging from 2° and 3° alcohols to phenols and oximes. In this work, we describe the ability of three amine‐carbamate SI spacers to release three structurally similar imidazoquinoline payloads, bearing either a 1°, a 2° or a 3° alcohol as the leaving group. While the spacers showed comparable efficacy at releasing the 2° and 3° alcohols, the liberation of the 1° alcohol was much slower, unveiling a counterintuitive trend in nucleophilic acyl substitutions. The release of the 1° alcohol payload was only possible using a SI spacer bearing a pyrrolidine ring and a tertiary amine handle, which opens the way to future applications in drug delivery systems.