Affiliation:
1. School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
2. Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN) National Institute for Materials Science Namiki 1‐1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0044 Japan
Abstract
AbstractMildly‐acidic MnO2‐Zn batteries are considered as a promising alternative for large‐scale energy storage systems for their low toxicity, high safety, and low cost. Though, the degradation of MnO2 with cycling still hinders the further development of the batteries. In this study, it is observed that the decrease in available capacity of MnO2 with charge and discharge is accompanied by a structural transformation with the emergence of Zn─Mn─O phases. An electrodeposition test indicates that the Zn─Mn─O phase is formed from a co‐precipitation of Zn and Mn during the charge process. Further, the structural change of MnO2 is suppressed and its cycle stability is improved with the addition of TiOSO4 as a facile electrolyte additive. As a result, under a current of 1200 mA g−1, the MnO2 electrode still gives a capacity of 230 mAh g−1 for over 1500 cycles. Capacity retention is 75% after 10 000 cycles under a current rate of 4800 mA g−1. These findings provide fundamental insights on the degradation mechanism of MnO2 and a new strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of aqueous MnO2‐Zn batteries.
Funder
University Grants Committee