Affiliation:
1. Hagey Pediatric Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
2. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Abstract
Abstract
As the average age of the population grows, the incidence of osteoporosis and skeletal diseases continues to rise. Current treatment options for skeletal repair include immobilization, rigid fixation, alloplastic materials, and bone grafts, all which have significant limitations, especially in the elderly. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) represent a readily available abundant supply of mesenchymal stem cells, which demonstrate the ability to undergo osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo, making ASCs a promising source of skeletal progenitor cells. Current protocols allow for the harvest of over one million cells from only 15 ml of lipoaspirate. Despite the clinical use of ASCs to treat systemic inflammatory diseases, no large human clinical trials exist using ASCs for skeletal tissue engineering. The aim of this review is to define ASCs, to describe the isolation procedure of ASCs, to review the basic biology of their osteogenic differentiation, discuss cell types and scaffolds available for bone tissue engineering, and finally, to explore imaging of ASCs and their potential future role in human skeletal tissue engineering efforts.
Funder
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
Oak Foundation and Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
National Endowment of Plastic Surgery
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Molecular Medicine
Cited by
168 articles.
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