One Health early warning and response system for zoonotic diseases outbreaks: Emphasis on the involvement of grassroots actors

Author:

Hassan Osama Ahmed12ORCID,de Balogh Katinka3,Winkler Andrea Sylvia24

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology Umeå University Umea Sweden

2. Centre for Global Health, Institute for Health and Society University of Oslo Oslo Norway

3. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Rome Italy

4. Center for Global Health, Department of Neurology Technical University of Munich Munich Germany

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundEmerging and reemerging zoonotic diseases have become a global concern due to their frequent occurrence. Large delays between onset of emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks and their reporting and control are indicative of weak animal and human health systems.ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to tackle the time delay by suggesting a One Health Early Warning and Response System (OH‐EWRS) aiming at improving the surveillance and notification of zoonotic diseases by strengthening ‘bottom‐up’ approaches and systems for early detection, especially in hot spot areas where they emerge.MethodsIn this conceptual paper, we searched online database including PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to explore the scientific landscape for zoonotic diseases and One Health Early Warning and Response Systems published in English up to December, 2020. In addition, the authors made use of their own expertise and critically reviewed the retrieved papers that were found to be of relevance as the three authors are experts in their own fields, coming from different backgrounds, but are all working to improve the prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreak.ResultsThe OH‐EWRS advocates for collaboration between relevant stakeholders including nongovernmental organisations, country offices of international and intergovernmental technical organisations, governmental bodies, research institutes, the private sector and local communities with the aim of an integrated One Health prevention and control system. The OH‐EWRS considers various priorities and objectives of the different stakeholders, taking into account possible conflict of interests and considering the need for trust, transparency and mutual benefits.ConclusionsAlthough the operationalisation, governance and institutionalisation of the OH‐EWRS should be the responsibility of government bodies, inputs from and feedback to relevant stakeholders through a bottom‐up and top‐down approach are essential elements for the application of the successful operationalisation of a OH‐EWRS.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Veterinary

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