Affiliation:
1. Post Graduate Department of Chemistry Seth Kesarimal Porwal College of Arts and Science and Commerce 441001 Kamptee Maharashtra India
2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Research Development Cell Sharda University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh-201310 India
3. Lady Amritbai Daga College Nagpur-440010, & PGTD Botany R.T.M. Nagpur University 440033 Nagpur Maharashtra India
4. Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana Faculty of Ayurveda Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University 221005 Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
Abstract
AbstractBecause of the growing population and the industrial revolution, a significant number of toxic materials including heavy metals (HMs) are being released into the environment, posing harm to humans, the environment, and other living organisms. When these HMs find their way into water sources, they cause water pollution and pose a threat to the ecosystem. As a result, there is an imperative need to eliminate these HMs from the water. Numerous techniques are being employed for water purification, but adsorption is the most economical and efficient method. The present article critically discussed the applications of different adsorbents including agricultural wastes, industrial wastes, biochar, chitosan, aerogel‐based adsorbents, geopolymer cement/concrete, carbon‐based nanomaterials (NMs), and polymer‐supported nanocomposites (NCs) for removal of HMs from wastewater. Removal capacity of some of the adsorbents are tabulated. Effects of dose of adsorbent, contact time, pH, temperature, initial ion concentration and ionic strength on the removal of HMs from water have been explored. Various adsorption isotherm and kinetic models have also been discussed, including the modeling using artificial neural networks.