1. Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
2. Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200233 P. R. China
3. Department of Orthopedics Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080 P. R. China