Affiliation:
1. Precision Medicine Laboratory, School of Medical Technology and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
2. Henan Engineering Research Center of Digital Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Los Angeles California USA
Abstract
AbstractBreast cancer (BC) poses a persistent global health challenge, particularly in countries with elevated human development indices linked to factors such as increased life expectancy, education, and wealth. Despite therapeutic progress, challenges persist, and the role of epitranscriptomic RNA modifications in BC remains inadequately understood. The epitranscriptome, comprising diverse posttranscriptional modifications on RNA molecules, holds the potential to intricately modulate RNA function and regulation, implicating dysregulation in various diseases, including BC. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), acting as posttranscriptional regulators, influence physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. RNA modifications in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) add an extra layer to gene expression control. This review delves into recent insights into epitranscriptomic RNA modifications, such as N‐6‐methyladenosine (m6A), adenine‐to‐inosine (A‐to‐I) editing, and 5‐methylcytosine (m5C), specifically in the context of lncRNA and miRNAs in BC, highlighting their potential implications in BC development and progression. Understanding this intricate regulatory landscape is vital for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying BC and identifying potential therapeutic targets.