Grazing mediates the biodiversity effects on multifunctionality in grasslands

Author:

Yan Yue123ORCID,Ding Jingyi12,Wang Jing124,Zhang Shurong12,Zhou Ao12,Han Yi12,Gao Xuan12,Zhao Wenwu12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China

2. Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China

3. Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai Zhuhai China

4. College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing China

Abstract

AbstractBiodiversity loss by grazing pressure has threatened multiple ecosystem functions simultaneously (ecosystem multifunctionality, EMF) in grasslands. Therefore, detecting the relation between EMF and biodiversity under human intervention would provide guidance on the optimization of sustainable grassland management. However, little is known about how grazing effects grassland EMF by mediating biodiversity under different grazing intensities. Here, species and functional diversity were investigated along a longitudinal gradient in Inner Mongolia grassland, and its EMF was quantified comprehensively on six ecosystem functions by an averaging approach, threshold approach and multiple threshold approach to assess the impact of grazing intensity on EMF. There was a significantly lower average EMF index and above‐ground biomass under heavy grazing (HG) than under light grazing (LG). The threshold approach‐based EMF and average EMF index were positively related to species diversity and functional diversity, and species diversity was a stronger driver of EMF than functional diversity. Compared with LG, the slope of the positive relation between EMF and species diversity significantly weakened by 40%–86% under moderate grazing (MG) and decreased by 30%–100% under HG, and reversed to a negative relation between functional diversity and EMF under HG. Additionally, species diversity was more negatively influenced by soil pH and sand content, while functional diversity was more negatively influenced by grazing intensity, indicating that functional diversity was more sensitive to intensive grazing. This study highlights the role of grazing intensity for driving multiple ecosystem functions, and reinforces the significance of managing both species diversity and functional diversity for sustaining productive functional grasslands.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Soil Science,General Environmental Science,Development,Environmental Chemistry

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