Radiofrequency ablation combined with toripalimab for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective controlled trial

Author:

Wen Zhenyu1,Wang Junxiao2,Tu Bo3,Liu Yane1,Yang Yuqing1,Hou Li4,Yang Xiang4,Liu Xiaoyan5,Xie Hui4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Public Health Jilin University Jilin China

2. Aerospace Medical Center Aerospace Center Hospital Beijing China

3. Department of Infectious Diseases Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China

4. Department of Oncology Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China

5. Department of Hepatology Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThe effectiveness and security of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in combination with toripalimab (anti‐PD‐1) for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was studied in this article.MethodsTotal of 40 patients were enrolled in the study between September 2019 and November 2021. Data follow‐up ends in April 2022. The study’s main focus is on recurrence free survival (RFS), while the secondary objectives was safety. Chi‐square tests, Kaplan‐Meier, and Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to analyze the data.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 21.40 months, and the median RFS was 15.40 months in the group that received combination therapy, which was statistically significantly different (HR: 0.44, p = 0.04) compared with the RFA group (8.2 months). RFS rates (RFSr) at 6, 12 and 18 months in the combination therapy groups and RFA groups were 80% vs 65%, 62.7% vs 35% and 48.7% vs 18.8%, respectively. Between the two groups, significant difference of RFSr was found at 18 months (p = 0.04). No statistical differences were observed between the two groups in terms of safeness (p > 0.05). The subgroup analysis indicated that the combination of RFA and anti‐PD‐1 led to better RFS than RFA alone. Moreover, patients benefited more from combination therapy in the groups younger than 60 years (HR: 0.26, p = 0.018), male (HR: 0.32, p = 0.028) and Child‐Pugh grade A (HR: 0.38, p = 0.032).ConclusionsCombining RFA with anti‐PD‐1 showed improved RFS and was deemed safe for patients with recurrent HCC who had previously undergone RFA treatment alone.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cancer Research,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Oncology

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