PRP, Exosomes, and Stem Cells: An International Perspective

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegenerative medicine is a novel, developing field centered on efforts to repurpose the body's own molecular makeup to target specific problems. Specifically, the use of stem cells, platelet‐rich plasma, and exosomes is rapidly expanding. Internationally, there remain different guidelines and a variety of medical uses, encouraging an exploration into the medical and cosmetic benefits offered.AimsThis study aims to investigate current literature on the international perspectives of PRP, stem cells, and exosomes to present a global review on how these are obtained and utilized.MethodsA literature search was conducted on PubMed reviewing PRP, exosomes, and stem cells, among other related topics, and their applications in medical, pharmacologic, and dermatologic fields. Research produced by various global regions was examined to identify similarities and differences.ResultsStem cells have been successfully implemented in the oncology and dermatology realms as a result of their plasticity and ability to quickly replicate and divide. Platelet‐rich plasma is of strong interest due to platelets' extracellular vesicles and their unmatched abilities. Exosomes are actively being studied in the fields of neurology and rheumatology, among others. International guidelines are reviewed based on regulations of these materials. Potential ethical barriers of isolation and source utilization are explored.ConclusionsThe perspectives and findings considered here stress the potential expanding uses of PRP, stem cells, and exosomes on a global scale. We highlight the need for further clinical studies and international collaboration among varying guidelines to best utilize these tools in the field of dermatology and medicine.