Affiliation:
1. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
2. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
3. School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe existing literature on the association between brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels and panic disorder presents inconsistent findings. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to synthesize the available evidence and determine the overall effect of BDNF protein levels in individuals diagnosed with panic disorder.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) from inception to April 21, 2023. The search strategy included relevant keywords and medical subject headings terms related to BDNF, panic disorder, and protein levels. A random‐effects model was used for the meta‐analysis, and subgroup analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and statistical tests.ResultsA total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta‐analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in BDNF protein levels in individuals with panic disorder (SMD = −.53, 95% CI: −1.02 to −.04, p < .001; I2: 92%). The results of subgroup and meta‐regression analyses were not statistically significant. No significant publication bias was observed based on the results of Egger's regression test (p‐value = .3550).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis provide evidence of lower BDNF protein levels in individuals diagnosed with panic disorder compared to healthy controls. The findings suggest a potential role for BDNF dysregulation in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications.