Surgical Resection Enhances Survival in Patients With Liver Metastases From Gastric Cancer: A Population‐Based, Case‐Control Study

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsGastric cancer with liver metastases (GCLM) is a challenging condition that significantly reduces long‐term survival rates, but recent advancements in surgical techniques have shown promise. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of surgical resection on survival rates in GCLM patients.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based analysis utilizing the SEER database for patients diagnosed with GCLM between 2010 and 2015. Overall survival (OS) was compared between patients who underwent cancer‐directed surgery (CDS) and those who did not. The overlap weighting method based on lasso regression with penalty factors was employed to minimize selection bias. Survival outcomes were compared using Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, with subgroup analyses to further explore the effects of surgery among patients.ResultsA total of 3694 patients with GCLM were identified. Of those, 354 (9.58%) patients underwent CDS. After propensity score adjustment, The median OS was significantly higher in the surgical resection group (12 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11–16) compared to the nonresection group (6 months, 95% CI: 5–6). Cox regression analysis revealed a substantial improvement in OS for the surgical resection group, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.562 (95% CI: 0.482–0.656), including patients with adverse conditions.ConclusionsThe analysis demonstrated a clear association between surgical resection and enhanced OS in GCLM patients. Nevertheless, further research endeavors should be undertaken to identify specific prognostic factors that aid in the selection of optimal candidates for surgical resection.