Biomimetic Self‐Maturation Mineralization System for Enamel Repair

Author:

Lei Chen1,Wang Kai‐yan1,Ma Yu‐xuan1,Hao Dong‐xiao1,Zhu Yi‐na1,Wan Qian‐qian1,Zhang Jiang‐shan1,Tay Franklin R2,Mu Zhao3,Niu Li‐na1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology Department of Prosthodontics School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 China

2. The Dental College of Georgia Augusta University Augusta GA 30912 USA

3. State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 China

Abstract

AbstractEnamel repair is crucial for restoring tooth function and halting dental caries. However, contemporary research often overlooks the retention of organic residues within the repair layer, which hinders the growth of dense crystals and compromises the properties of the repaired enamel. During the maturation of natural enamel, the organic matrix undergoes enzymatic processing to facilitate further crystal growth, resulting in a highly mineralized tissue. Inspired by this process, a biomimetic self‐maturation mineralization system is developed, comprising ribonucleic acid‐stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (RNA‐ACP) and ribonuclease (RNase). The RNA‐ACP induces initial mineralization in the form of epitaxial crystal growth, while the RNase present in saliva automatically triggers a biomimetic self‐maturation process. The mechanistic study further indicates that RNA degradation prompts conformational rearrangement of the RNA‐ACP, effectively excluding the organic matter introduced earlier. This exclusion process promotes lateral crystal growth, resulting in the generation of denser enamel‐like apatite crystals that are devoid of organic residues. This strategy of eliminating organic residues from enamel crystals enhances the mechanical and physiochemical properties of the repaired enamel. The present study introduces a conceptual biomimetic mineralization strategy for effective enamel repair in clinical practice and offers potential insights into the mechanisms of biomineral formation.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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