Comparative proteomics reveals anticancer compounds from Lansium domesticum against NSCLC cells target mitochondrial processes

Abstract

AbstractLansium domesticum is identified as a potential source of anticancer compounds. However, there are minimal studies on its anti‐lung cancer properties as well as its mechanism of action. Here, we show the specificity of lanzones hexane (LH) leaf extracts to non‐small cell lung cancer cells (A549) compared to normal lung fibroblast cells (CCD19‐Lu) and normal epithelial prostate cells (PNT2). Subsequent bioassay‐guided fractionation of the hexane leaf extracts identified two bioactive fractions with IC50 values of 2.694 μg/ml (LH6‐6) and 2.883 μg/ml (LH7‐6). LH 6‐6 treatment (1 μg/ml concentration) also showed a significantly reduced migration potential of A549 relative to the control. Thirty‐one phytocompounds were isolated and identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (MS) analysis and were then subjected to network pharmacology analysis to assess its effects on lung cancer target proteins. Using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry proteomics experiments, we were able to show that these compounds cause cytotoxic effects through targeting mitochondrial processes in A549 lung cancer cells.