Reusing a residue from the juice industry: extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds and its incorporation into liposomes

Abstract

AbstractBACKGROUNDPassion fruit seeds are a residue of the pulp and juice production industry and have the potential to be used for the extraction of vegetable oil contained in them, which is rich in bioactive compounds. This work evaluated the extraction of oil using organic solvents (mixtures of hexane–ethanol–water and hexane–methanol–water) and the use of ethanol as an alternative to methanol, which is used in traditional methodologies. Several solvent mixtures were investigated to determine the condition that provides the highest oil yield. Subsequently, liposomes were produced using the ethanol injection method and the influence of oil addition on the physical–chemical characteristics of the nanoparticulated system was evaluated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONThe results showed that the highest oil yield was obtained using the mixture of hexane, ethanol and water, indicating the possibility of replacing methanol with a less toxic solvent. In addition, good results were obtained for the incorporation of lipids with passion fruit oil into liposomes, with the best conditions obtained being for lipid concentrations of 4.64 and 6.96 mmol L−1 with 10% and 17% of oil content, respectively. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).