Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Tomato Consumption Alters Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolism and Induces Steroidal Alkaloid Metabolite Accumulation in Mice

Author:

Dzakovich Michael P.12ORCID,Goggans Mallory L.3,Thomas‐Ahner Jennifer M.4,Moran Nancy E.2,Clinton Steven K.4,Francis David M.5,Cooperstone Jessica L.13

Affiliation:

1. Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 2001 Fyffe Court Columbus OH 43210 USA

2. USDA‐ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine 1100 Bates Ave. Houston TX 77030 USA

3. Department of Food Science and Technology The Ohio State University 2015 Fyffe Court Columbus OH 43210 USA

4. Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

5. Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University 1680 Madison Ave Wooster OH 44691 USA

Abstract

ScopeTomato consumption is associated with many health benefits including lowered risk for developing certain cancers. It is hypothesized that tomato phytochemicals are transported to the liver and other tissues where they alter gene expression in ways that lead to favorable health outcomes. However, the effects of tomato consumption on mammalian liver gene expression and chemical profile are not well defined.Methods and resultsThe study hypothesizes that tomato consumption would alter mouse liver transcriptomes and metabolomes compared to a control diet. C57BL/6J mice (n = 11–12/group) are fed a macronutrient matched diet containing either 10% red tomato, 10% tangerine tomato, or no tomato powder for 6 weeks after weaning. RNA‐Seq followed by gene set enrichment analyses indicates that tomato type and consumption, in general, altered expression of phase I and II xenobiotic metabolism genes. Untargeted metabolomics experiments reveal distinct clustering between control and tomato fed animals. Nineteen molecular formulas (representing 75 chemical features) are identified or tentatively identified as steroidal alkaloids and isomers of their phase I and II metabolites; many of which are reported for the first time in mammals.ConclusionThese data together suggest tomato consumption may impart benefits partly through enhancing detoxification potential.

Funder

National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Publisher

Wiley

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