Toward a common methodological framework for the sampling, extraction, and isotopic analysis of water in the Critical Zone to study vegetation water use

Author:

Ceperley Natalie1ORCID,Gimeno Teresa E.2ORCID,Jacobs Suzanne R.3ORCID,Beyer Matthias4ORCID,Dubbert Maren5ORCID,Fischer Benjamin6ORCID,Geris Josie7ORCID,Holko Ladislav8ORCID,Kübert Angelika9ORCID,Le Gall Samuel10,Lehmann Marco M.11ORCID,Llorens Pilar12ORCID,Millar Cody13ORCID,Penna Daniele1415ORCID,Prieto Iván16ORCID,Radolinski Jesse1718ORCID,Scandellari Francesca19ORCID,Stockinger Michael20ORCID,Stumpp Christine20ORCID,Tetzlaff Dörthe2122ORCID,van Meerveld Ilja23ORCID,Werner Christiane24ORCID,Yildiz Oktay25ORCID,Zuecco Giulia2627ORCID,Barbeta Adrià28ORCID,Orlowski Natalie2930ORCID,Rothfuss Youri10ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Geography (GIUB) and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland

2. CREAF, Bellaterra Catalonia Spain

3. Centre for International Development and Environmental Research Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen Germany

4. Institute of Geoecology, Technical University Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

5. Isotope Biogeochemistry and Gas Fluxes, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural and Landscape Research Müncheberg Germany

6. Department of Earth Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

7. School of Geosciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom

8. Institute of Hydrology Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovak Republic

9. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland

10. Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences ‐ Agrosphere (IBG‐3) Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany

11. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research (WSL) Birmensdorf Switzerland

12. Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA‐CSIC) Barcelona Spain

13. Global Institute for Water Security University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada

14. Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry University of Florence Florence Italy

15. Forest Engineering Resources and Management Department Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

16. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales Universidad de León, León España Spain

17. Department of Ecology University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria

18. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA

19. U‐Series Srl Bologna Italy

20. Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Soil Physics and Rural Water Management University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna Vienna Austria

21. Department of Geography Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany

22. Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin Germany

23. Department of Geography University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland

24. Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany

25. Forestry Faculty Duzce University Konuralp Turkey

26. Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry University of Padova Legnaro Italy

27. Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Padua Italy

28. BEECA‐UB, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Catalonia Spain

29. Chair of Hydrology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany

30. Chair of Site Ecology and Plant Nutrition Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, Technical University Dresden Tharandt Germany

Abstract

AbstractThe analysis of the stable isotopic composition of hydrogen and oxygen in water samples from soils and plants can help to identify sources of vegetation water uptake. This approach requires that the heterogeneous nature of plant and soil matrices is carefully accounted for during experimental design, sample collection, water extraction and analyses. The comparability and shortcomings of the different methods for extracting water and analyzing isotopic composition have been discussed in specialized literature. Yet, despite insightful comparisons of extraction methods and benchmarking methodologies of laboratories worldwide, the community still lacks a roadmap to guide sample collection, extraction, and isotopic analyses, and many practical issues for potential users remain unresolved: for example, which (soil or plant) water pool(s) does the extracted water represent? These constitute a hurdle for the implementation of the approach by newcomers. Here, we summarize discussions led in the framework of the COST Action WATSON (“WATer isotopeS in the critical zONe: from groundwater recharge to plant transpiration”—CA19120). We provide guidelines for (1) sampling soil and plant material for isotopic analysis, (2) methods for laboratory or in situ water extraction, and (3) measurements of isotopic composition. We highlight the importance of considering the process chain as a whole, from experimental design to isotopic analysis to minimize biased estimates of the relative contribution of different water sources to plant water uptake. We conclude by acknowledging some of the limitations of this methodology and advice on the collection of key environmental parameters prior to sample collection for isotopic analyses.This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Hydrological Processes Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change Science of Water > Water Extremes

Funder

Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Tiroler Wissenschaftsförderung

Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

European Cooperation in Science and Technology

Generalitat de Catalunya

Publisher

Wiley

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