Assessment of the botanical origin of Saudi Arabian honey samples to identify pollen with chromatographic tools and packing and storage

Author:

AlNadhari Saleh1,Abbasova Gunay2,Al‐Qahtani Wahidah H.3ORCID,Zengin Gokhan4ORCID,Islamov Sokhib5,Mammadova Afat O.6,Azad Abul Kalam7,Mammadova Shakar2,Jaradat Nidal8,Babayeva Ulkar9,Humbatov Mahmud10,Ganbarov Dashgin11,Beylerli Ozal12,Beilerli Aferin13,Toker Ömer Said14,Biturku Jonida15,Kiren Ifrah16

Affiliation:

1. College of Agriculture King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

2. Baku State University Baku Azerbaijan

3. Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Biology University of Selcuk Konya Turkey

5. Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products Tashkent State Agrarian University Tashkent Uzbekistan

6. Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Baku State University Baku Azerbaijan

7. Faculty of Pharmacy University College of MAIWP International Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

8. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences An‐Najah National University Nablus Palestine

9. Lankaran State University Lankaran Azerbaijan

10. Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan

11. Doctor of Biological Sciences Nakhchivan State University Nakhchivan Azerbaijan

12. entral Research Laboratory Bashkir State Medical University Ufa Russia

13. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russia

14. Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty Yildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey

15. Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Department of Agronomy Sciences Agriculture University of Tirana Tirana Albania

16. College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Abstract

AbstractThe increasing demand for honey purification and authentication necessitates the global utilization of advanced processing tools. Common honey processing techniques, such as chromatography, are commonly used to assess the quality and quantity of valuable honey. In this study, 15 honey samples were authenticated using HPLC and GC–MS chromatographic methods to analyze their pollen spectrum. Various monofloral honey samples were collected, including Acacia, Hypoestes, Lavandula, Tamarix, Trifolium, and Ziziphus species, based on accurate identification by apiarists in 2023 from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Honey analysis revealed the extraction of pollen from 20 different honeybee floral species. Pollen identified from honey samples using advanced chromatographic tools revealed dominant vegetation resources: Ziziphus species (23%), Acacia species (25%), Tamarix species (34%), Lavandula species (26%), Hypoestes species (34%), and Trifolium species (31%). This study uses HPLC to extract phenolic compounds, revealing dominant protocatechuic acid (4.71 mg g−1), and GC–MS to analyze organic compounds in honey pollen. Specifically, 2‐dodecanone was detected with a retention time of 7.34 min. The utilization of chromatographic tools in assessing honey samples for pollen identification provides a reliable and efficient method for determining their botanical origins, thereby contributing to the quality control and authentication of honey products.

Publisher

Wiley

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