Author:
Nock Matthew K.,Borges Guilherme,Bromet Evelyn J.,Alonso Jordi,Angermeyer Matthias,Beautrais Annette,Bruffaerts Ronny,Chiu Wai Tat,de Girolamo Giovanni,Gluzman Semyon,de Graaf Ron,Gureje Oye,Haro Josep Maria,Huang Yueqin,Karam Elie,Kessler Ronald C.,Lepine Jean Pierre,Levinson Daphna,Medina-Mora Maria Elena,Ono Yutaka,Posada-Villa José,Williams David
Abstract
BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of death worldwide; however, the prevalence and risk factors for the immediate precursors to suicide – suicidal ideation, plans and attempts – are not well-known, especially in low- and middle-income countries.AimsTo report on the prevalence and risk factors for suicidal behaviours across 17 countries.MethodA total of 84 850 adults were interviewed regarding suicidal behaviours and socio-demographic and psychiatric risk factors.ResultsThe cross-national lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts is 9.2% (s.e.=0.1), 3.1% (s.e.=0.1), and 2.7% (s.e.=0.1). Across all countries, 60% of transitions from ideation to plan and attempt occur within the first year after ideation onset. Consistent cross-national risk factors included being female, younger, less educated, unmarried and having a mental disorder. Interestingly, the strongest diagnostic risk factors were mood disorders in high-income countries but impulse control disorders in low- and middle-income countries.ConclusionThere is cross-national variability in the prevalence of suicidal behaviours, but strong consistency in the characteristics and risk factors for these behaviours. These findings have significant implications for the prediction and prevention of suicidal behaviours.
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health
Cited by
1920 articles.
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