Targeted Optical Imaging Agents in Cancer: Focus on Clinical Applications

Author:

Joshi Bishnu P.1ORCID,Wang Thomas D.123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 1722, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

Abstract

Molecular imaging is an emerging strategy for in vivo visualization of cancer over time based on biological mechanisms of disease activity. Optical imaging methods offer a number of advantages for real-time cancer detection, particularly in the epithelium of hollow organs and ducts, by using a broad spectral range of light that spans from visible to near-infrared. Targeted ligands are being developed for improved molecular specificity. These platforms include small molecule, peptide, affibody, activatable probes, lectin, and antibody. Fluorescence labeling is used to provide high image contrast. This emerging methodology is clinically useful for early cancer detection by identifying and localizing suspicious lesions that may not otherwise be seen and serves as a guide for tissue biopsy and surgical resection. Visualizing molecular expression patterns may also be useful to determine the best choice of therapy and to monitor efficacy. A number of these imaging agents are overcoming key challenges for clinical translation and are being validated in vivo for a wide range of human cancers.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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