Affiliation:
1. Health Management College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2. Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
3. School of Marxism Studies, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
4. Medical Examination Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
5. Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
6. Department of General Surgery, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Nanling County Wuhu City, Wuhu 241300, China
7. Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Nanjing 231000, China
Abstract
Background. To develop an individual’s physical subhealth risk perception scale and evaluate its reliability and validity, so as to provide a measurement tool for individual physical health risk. Methods. A questionnaire on the perception risk of physical subhealth was developed. Using a random sampling method, 785 people in the Anhui provincial physical examination centre were selected as the research participants. Of the questionnaires returned, 770 were valid, giving an effective rate of 98%. Firstly, the Pearson correlation coefficient method was used to study the correlation of 35 items in the initial scale, and then, polychoric factor structure analysis was carried out by using the Pratt
matrix to optimize the item structure. The Cronbach’α coefficient method was used to test the internal consistency reliability, and a structural equation model was used to explore the construct validity of the scale. The discriminant validity of the scale was obtained by factor analysis. A general linear model was used to analyse the relationship between the clinical manifestations of physical subhealth and the level of risk perception, and the convergent validity of the scale was evaluated. Results. All the data of 35 items were significantly correlated at the 0.01 level. The correlation coefficients between a1 and a2, a3 and a4, b1 and b2, b2 and b3, c4 and c5, c5 and c6, c6 and c7, c8 and c9, d1 and d2, d2 and d3, e5 and e6, g1 and g2, g2 and g3, and g2 and g4 were greater than 0.6. The items with correlation coefficients greater than 0.6 were reduced by a Pratt
matrix. The resulting physical subhealth risk perception scale covers five factors with a total of 18 items. The Cronbach’α coefficient of the scale was 0.889, and the Cronbach’α coefficients of the five factors F1-F5 were 0.780, 0.825, 0.801, 0.736, and 0.704, respectively. Structural equation model analysis showed that
,
,
,
,
,
, and
. Factor analysis showed that factors F1–F5 had significant correlations (
), and the correlation coefficients were less than the corresponding square root value of AVE. Based on the subhealth clinical manifestations of the participants, the general linear model was used to explore the convergent validity of the scale, and the results indicated that the scale passed the convergent validity test. Conclusions. We propose a physical subhealth risk perception scale amounting to 18 items, which includes five dimensions: health knowledge (2 items), risk perception (5 items), trust selection (4 items), information channel (4 items), and social groups (3 items). The reliability and validity of the physical subhealth risk perception scale are acceptable. Applying the scale into practice has potential to improve the overall public health level.
Funder
Natural Science Foundation for the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province of China
Subject
Applied Mathematics,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Modeling and Simulation,General Medicine