The Role of Posttranslational Modifications in DNA Repair

Author:

Bai Miaomiao1ORCID,Ti Dongdong1,Mei Qian1,Liu Jiejie1,Yan Xin2,Chen Deyun1,Li Xiang1,Wu Zhiqiang1ORCID,Han Weidong1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Bio-Therapeutic Department, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China

2. School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

Abstract

The human body is a complex structure of cells, which are exposed to many types of stress. Cells must utilize various mechanisms to protect their DNA from damage caused by metabolic and external sources to maintain genomic integrity and homeostasis and to prevent the development of cancer. DNA damage inevitably occurs regardless of physiological or abnormal conditions. In response to DNA damage, signaling pathways are activated to repair the damaged DNA or to induce cell apoptosis. During the process, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) can be used to modulate enzymatic activities and regulate protein stability, protein localization, and protein-protein interactions. Thus, PTMs in DNA repair should be studied. In this review, we will focus on the current understanding of the phosphorylation, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and methylation of six typical PTMs and summarize PTMs of the key proteins in DNA repair, providing important insight into the role of PTMs in the maintenance of genome stability and contributing to reveal new and selective therapeutic approaches to target cancers.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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