Cauliflower Mosaic Virus TAV, a Plant Virus Protein That Functions like Ribonuclease H1 and is Cytotoxic to Glioma Cells

Author:

Turri Valentina1ORCID,Latinovic Olga S.23,Bonafè Massimiliano4,Toyang Ngeh25,Parigi Maria67,Calassanzio Matteo8,Martelli Pier Luigi9,Vagheggini Alessandro10ORCID,Abbati Giulia11,Sarnelli Anna12,Casadio Rita9,Ratti Claudio8,Massi Paola6,Schoelz James E.13,Salvato Maria S.2,Piccinini Filippo14,Martinelli Giovanni14

Affiliation:

1. Healthcare Direction, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, FC, Italy

2. Institute of Human Virology (IHV), University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 21201 Baltimore, MD, USA

3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 21201 Baltimore, MD, USA

4. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy

5. Educational and Scientific (LLC), 21201 Baltimore, MD, USA

6. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 47122 Forlì, Italy

7. Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo (IOR), 47122 Forlì, Italy

8. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy

9. Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” for Integrated Studies of Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity, Biocomputing Group, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy

10. Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, FC, Italy

11. Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, FC, Italy

12. Medical Physics Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, FC, Italy

13. Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, 65211 Columbia, MO, USA

14. Scientific Directorate, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, FC, Italy

Abstract

Recent comparisons between plant and animal viruses reveal many common principles that underlie how all viruses express their genetic material, amplify their genomes, and link virion assembly with replication. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is not infectious for human beings. Here, we show that CaMV transactivator/viroplasmin protein (TAV) shares sequence similarity with and behaves like the human ribonuclease H1 (RNase H1) in reducing DNA/RNA hybrids detected with S9.6 antibody in HEK293T cells. We showed that TAV is clearly expressed in the cytosol and in the nuclei of transiently transfected human cells, similar to its distribution in plants. TAV also showed remarkable cytotoxic effects in U251 human glioma cells in vitro. These characteristics pave the way for future analysis on the use of the plant virus protein TAV, as an alternative to human RNAse H1 during gene therapy in human cells.

Funder

Paul G. Allen Family Foundation

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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