Malnutrition Is Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Author:

Wei Wen12ORCID,Lin Ruiyu3ORCID,Li Shihai4,Chen Zheyuan3ORCID,Kang Qianqian3ORCID,Lv Fenyan3ORCID,Zhong Wenying5,Chen Hangju1,Tu Mei1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China

2. Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China

3. Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China

4. Department of Anesthesia, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China

5. Department of Physical Examination, Fujian Longyan First Hospital, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China

Abstract

Background. The relationship between malnutrition and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between malnutrition and DR in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 612 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four malnutrition assessment tools: Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, controlling nutritional status (CONUT), nutritional risk index (NRI), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), were applied to assess the nutritional status of the study population. The association between malnutrition and DR was examined using multivariable logistic regression and ordered logistic regression. Results. The proportion of malnutrition varied from 10.0% to 34.3% in total patients and from 16.3% to 45.1% in DR patients across the assessment tools. DR patients were more likely to be malnourished than patients without DR. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for DR of malnutrition defined by different tools were 1.86 (1.01-3.14) for GLIM criteria, 1.67 (1.04-2.70) for NRI, and 2.24 (1.07-4.69) for PNI. The aOR and 95% CI for the severity of DR of malnutrition defined by different tools were 1.99 (1.12-3.51) for GLIM criteria, 1.65 (1.06-2.58) for NRI, and 2.51 (1.31-4.79) for PNI. Conclusions. Malnutrition was common in DR patients, and it was closely linked to the presence and severity of DR. Diabetic patients with DR should undergo nutritional assessment and early treatment of malnutrition to prevent the onset or progression of DR.

Funder

Longyan City Science and Technology Plan Project

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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