L. Cucurbita pepo Alleviates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress via Modulation of Apoptosis, Neurogenesis, and Gliosis in Rat Hippocampus

Author:

Ayuob Nasra1ORCID,Shaker Soad Ali23ORCID,Hawuit Etedal4ORCID,Al-Abbas Nouf saeed5ORCID,Shaer Nehad A.6ORCID,Al Jaouni Soad7ORCID,Mahdi Mohamed R.8ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt

2. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt

3. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

6. Department of Chemistry, Al-Leith College, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

7. Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology and Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

8. Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Abstract

Pumpkin has received significant attention due to its nutritional compounds that have antioxidant, antifatigue, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study is aimed at assessing the antidepressant-like effect of L. Cucurbita pepo, sweet pumpkin, in an animal model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and investigating its effect on the histological structure of hippocampus compared to fluoxetine. Forty male albino rats assigned into the negative control, positive control (CUMS), and Flu-treated and pumpkin-treated groups ( n = 10 ) were utilized in this study. Exposing rats to CUMS continued for 28 days, and treatments used were applied during the last 14 days of exposure. Behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes were assessed after 28 days. In this study, pumpkin significantly reduced the immobility time ( p = 0.02 ), corticosterone ( p < 0.001 ), TNF-α, IL-6 ( p < 0.001 ), and malondialdehyde ( p = 0.003 ), whereas it significantly increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the serum of rats exposed to CUMS. Pumpkin markedly relieved the degenerative and atrophic changes observed in the CA3 region and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. It significantly reduced caspase-3 and increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoexpression in the CA3 and DG. In conclusion, administration of pumpkin extract improved the behavioral, biochemical, and hippocampal pathological alternations induced in rats after exposure to CUMS in a comparable pattern to fluoxetine. This study highlighted the potential efficacy of pumpkin in alleviating depression disorder either alone or in conjugation with conventional antidepressant therapy.

Funder

King Abdulaziz University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Cell Biology,Ageing,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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