Analysis of Risk Factors and Protective Strategies for Tube Blockage in Patients with Drug-Induced Liver Failure Based on Artificial Liver Therapy

Abstract

Objective. To analyse the influencing factors of tube blockage during the treatment of artificial liver in patients with drug-induced liver failure and explore effective patient protection strategies. Methods. In this study, 49 patients with pharmacological (antituberculosis drugs, antibiotics, proprietary Chinese medicine, gastric drugs, and antihyperthyroid drugs) liver failure admitted to our hospital from June 2015 to December 2021 were selected for prospective analysis. Clinical indicators and general data of all patients were collected and collated, risk factors leading to the obstruction of artificial liver treatment were analysed, and corresponding protective measures were proposed. Results. The incidence of tube blockage was 5.32% (10 times) in 49 patients with pharmacological liver failure treated 188 times with artificial liver therapy. The incidence of tube blockage was significantly higher in patients in the PDF mode than in those in the PP and PE modes ( $P<0.05$ ), and there were differences in the location of blocked tubes between the treatment modes. Blocked tubes occurred more often in the venous cauldron of the circuit in the PDF mode and in the plasma separator of the circuit in the PP mode. The incidence of tube blockage was significantly lower in patients with no more than 3 treatments than in those with 3 to 5 treatments and those with more than 5 treatments ( $p<0.05$ ). The incidence of catheter blockage was higher in patients with PTA values ≤20% than in those with PTA values between 20% and 30%, and higher than in those with PTA values above 30% ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. The risk factors of tube plugging in patients with liver failure treated with artificial liver include different treatment modes, different treatment times, and different PTA values. The PDF mode has a higher rate of tube plugging than PE or PP treatment modes. The more the number of treatment times and the lower the PTA value of patients, the more tube plugging is likely to occur.