CircRNA-based therapeutics: Current opinions and clinical potential

Abstract

<p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded, covalently closed RNA molecules that perform diverse roles in various cellular processes and have been implicated in many pathological conditions. Owing to their intrinsic stability and low immunogenicity, circRNAs have garnered significant interest for their therapeutic potential in multiple diseases, with advancements in efficient in vitro production methods and optimized delivery systems. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on circRNA biogenesis and functions, and summarize recent advances in various technologies for circRNA research, including their profiling, validation, and biosynthesis. We also discuss key delivery strategies and therapeutic applications, highlighting the promising prospects and current challenges for the clinical development of circRNA-based therapeutics. Research to date has shown that circRNAs are not merely splicing errors and that circRNA-based therapeutic platforms may have superior application prospects from bench to bedside.</p>