Precauţii în tratamentul stomatologic al copiilor cu anemii carenţiale – consideraţii generale

Abstract

One-fourth of the global population suffer from anemia, with iron deficiency being the main reason; it affects both sexes almost equally, with a slight preponderance of women being afflicted. Anemia can be caused by a wide range of conditions and circumstances, and it can present both orally and systemically. Reduced red blood cell count and/or hemoglobin concentration, or disruption in their function, which finally results in reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, are all defining characteristics of anemia. Anemia is linked to decreased well-being, poor cognitive function, and persistent fatigue. The orofacial signs and symptoms include magenta tongue, midfacial overgrowth, angular stomatitis, atrophic glossitis, paresthesia/anesthesia of the mental nerve, dysphagia, osteosclerosis, and conjunctiva and facial pallor. Common orofacial manifestations also include conjunctival hemorrhage, nose bleeding, spontaneous and posttraumatic gingival hemorrhage, and persistent post-extraction bleeding. Patients with anemia require multidisciplinary care. Consequently, the dentist must have a solid awareness of this disorder, with a focus on warning indicators, dental management, and appropriate communication with the patient’s physician.