Application of Multi-scale Modeling Techniques in System Biology

Abstract

Systems biology intends to portray as well as comprehend biology around the globe, where biological processes are acknowledged as the outcome of complex mechanisms which occur on multiple dimensions beginning with the molecular level and reaching to ecosystem level. Biological information in systems biology comes from overlying but distinct scientific areas, each with its own style of expressing the events under research. Simulation and modeling are computer-aided methods that are precious for the quantitative and integrative description, prediction, and exploration of these mechanisms. In addition, Multi-level and hybrid models have been developed to meet both improved accuracy and capability of making good knowledge bases, which turned out to be a valuable tool in computational systems biology. Various methods, including the silicon model, have been developed in many scientific disciplines for solving multi-scale problems, which is appropriate to continuum-based modeling strategies. The association between system properties is depicted using continuous mathematical equations in which heterogeneous microscopic elements, such as persons, are modelled using individual units. We summarized multi-scale methodologies and their application in biotechnology and drug development applications in view of emphasizing the importance of studying systems as a whole with the role of artificial intelligence and biostatistical aspects in this review.