Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
2. Drug
Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Laboratory, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
3. Department of Pharmaceutics,
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Abstract
Abstract:
Lipid based nanoparticle (LNP) structures commonly used for drug delivery already in clinical
use are generally classified into three viz vesicular systems, emulsion based systems and lipid
nanoparticles. The details of the types, basic structural characteristics in drug delivery, clinical trials,
and patents have been discussed in this work. Moreover, despite the therapeutic efficacies of LNPs,
there are some toxicity challenges associated with their use. These toxicities may be cytotoxicity or
genotoxicity; to overcome some of these challenges, some measures could be taken during preformulation
stages in order to circumvent it. These measures have been extensively discussed in this work.
LNPs are used in the targeting of immune cells, which are direct participants in a variety of diseases,
hence, are attractive targets for therapy. Cell specific targeting of therapeutic agent(s) helps to concentrate
and localize the therapeutic effect and, hence, lowers the systemic side effects, while simultaneously
increasing the management outcome. Nanotechnology and particle engineering helps distinguish
each immune cell from the other to deliver therapeutic agents and ensure in vivo stability as well as
sustained drug release. Surface modification of LNP is an important characteristic utilized in targeting
therapeutic agents and allows the utilization of various specific properties expressed in each immune
cell. These targeting strategies have been explored in this work exhaustively, and some of the companies
and academic labs that develop LNP have been discussed. Also, new ways of developing novel
patentable LNP have been discussed.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
General Engineering,General Materials Science