Affiliation:
1. Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2. Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
3. Pediatrics Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Background:
Probiotics and their nutrient sources (prebiotics) have been shown to have
positive effects on different organs of the host. The idea of their potential benefits on Central Nervous
Systems (CNS) and the incidence of Anxiety, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer, Depression, Autism, and other
mental disorders has proposed a new category of medicines called “psychobiotic” which is hoped to
be of low-side effect anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety constitutes.
Objective:
In the current review, we present valuable insights into the complicated interactions between
the GI microbiota (especially in the colon), brain, immune and central nervous systems and provide
a summary of the main findings of the effects of pro- and prebiotics on important mental disorders
from the potential mechanisms of action to their application in clinical practice.
Methods:
Google Scholar, Pub Med, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched using following
key words: “probiotics”, “prebiotics”, “mental disorders”, “psychological disorders”, “depression”,
“anxiety”, “stress”, “Alzheimer” and “autism spectrum”. The full text of potentially eligible
studies was retrieved and assessed in detail by the reviewers. Data were extracted and then summarized
from the selected papers.
Results:
The results of the provided evidence suggest that probiotic and prebiotics might improve mental
function via several mechanisms. The beneficial effects of their application in Depression, Anxiety,
Alzheimer and autism spectrum diseases have also been supported in clinical studies.
Conclusion:
Pro and prebiotics can improve mental health and psychological function and can be offered
as new medicines for common mental disorders, however, more clinical studies are necessary to
conduct regarding the clinical significance of the effects and their bioequivalence or superiority against
current treatments.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Biotechnology
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