Retinal Tissue Engineering: Regenerative and Drug Delivery Approaches

Abstract

Absatract: In recent decades, the improvement of photoreceptor/ cell transplantation has been used as an effective therapeutic approach to treat retinal degenerative diseases. In this reviwe, the effect of different factors on the differentiation process and stem cells toward photoreceptors along with cell viability, morphology, migration, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation efficiency was discussed. It is no wonder that scientists are researching to better recognize the reasons for retinal degeneration, as well as discovering novel therapeutic methods to restore lost vision. In this field, several procedures and treatments in the implantation of stem cells-derived retinal cells have explored with some example of clinical trials. Although these clinical trials are too small to draw stable decisions about whether stem-cell therapies can offer a cure for retinal diseases. However, the future research directions have started for patients affected by retinal degeneration and promising findings have been obtained.