Nano Diosgenin Abates DMBA Induced Renal and Hepatic Toxicities: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation on the Breast Cancer Model

Abstract

Background: : Nature-based pharmaceuticals are now becoming an integral aspect of toxic-free healthcare therapies. Diosgenin (DN), a unique phyto steroidal sapogenin, seems to be explicitly employed as a core ingredient in countless traditional and patented Chinese medicines owing to its epic multilayered therapeutic treasure. Objective: The prime intent of the current study was to probe the hepato- and nephro- ameliorating impact of Diosgenin encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (DN@CS-NPS) on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) mediated rat mammary oncogenesis. Methods: A single dosage of DMBA (25 mg/kg body weight) was injected to induce breast cancer. Oral administration of DN (10 mg/kg body weight) and DN@CS-NPS (5 mg/kg body weight) was used to medicate DMBA administeredtumor-bearing rats just after the emergence of a tumor. Following the experimental duration, biochemical and histopathological (H&E) analyses have been carried out. Results: Here, we noticed that there is an escalated level of liver and kidney biomarkers, phase-I detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidative marker, total cholesterol (TC), phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG), and free fatty acids (FFA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), total lipase (TL) as well as diminished levels of phase – II detoxification enzymes, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and lecithin acyltransferase (LCAT) in the plasma, liver and kidney tissues of DMBA-induced rats with renal and hepatic histopathological alterations. Conversely,oral treatment of DN@CS-NPS substantially reduced their tiers to near-normal levels. Conclusion: Thus, our observations suggested that DN@CS-NP is an impactful hepato- and nephro- therapeutic agent that might have a significant influence on breast cancer overfree DN.