Comparison of Psychological Disorders During and After Pregnancies Caused by Assisted Reproductive Treatments and Spontaneous Pregnancies

Abstract

Introduction: Mental disorders during pregnancy are one of the major public health problems because of its effect on both mother and child, but the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in infertile women is largely unknown to compare psychiatric disorders during and after pregnancies with assisted reproductive therapies (ART) and spontaneous pregnancies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women referring to midwifery centers in Ahvaz City in 2022. Pregnant women were included in two groups of either pregnancy caused by ART (n= 84) or spontaneous pregnancy (n= 256). The Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL- 90-R) was used to assess psychiatric disorders during and after pregnancies. Results: A high percentage of women with spontaneous pregnancy (74.6%) and ART (91.7%) had some degree of psychological disorders. The severity of psychological disorders in both groups was higher during pregnancy than after pregnancy (p<0.001). The intensity of various psychological disorders during and after pregnancy in the ART pregnancy group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001). An increased risk of psychiatric disorders during pregnancy was associated with the history of psychiatric disorders [odd ratio (OR): 12.393; P= 0.022], family history of psychiatric disorders (OR:26.168; p<0.001), history of infertility (OR: 19.00; p<0.001), primary infertility (OR: 12.714; P=0.004), infertility duration more than three years (OR: 43.424; p<0.001), and frequency of embryo transfer (OR: 18.939; P=0.045). Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders were prevalent among pregnant women in the study area especially in pregnant women with ART. Regular screening programs for mental health problem should be included in an antenatal care service especially in this high-risk group.