CRISPR-Cas9: A Potent Gene-editing Tool for the Treatment of Cancer

Author:

Mishra Gauri12ORCID,Srivastava Kamakshi3,Rais Juhi4,Dixit Manish5,Kumari Singh Vandana6,Chandra Mishra Lokesh6

Affiliation:

1. Department of Zoology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi-110036, Delhi, India

2. Division Radiopharmaceuticals and Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi-110054, India

3. Department of Zoology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi-110036, Delhi, India;

4. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India

5. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India

6. Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi- 110007, Dehli, India

Abstract

Abstract: The prokaryotic adaptive immune system has clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat. CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) genome editing systems have been harnessed. A robust programmed technique for efficient and accurate genome editing and gene targeting has been developed. Engineered cell therapy, in vivo gene therapy, animal modeling, and cancer diagnosis and treatment are all possible applications of this ground-breaking approach. Multiple genetic and epigenetic changes in cancer cells induce malignant cell growth and provide chemoresistance. The capacity to repair or ablate such mutations has enormous potential in the fight against cancer. The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing method has recently become popular in cancer treatment research due to its excellent efficiency and accuracy. The preceding study has shown therapeutic potential in expanding our anticancer treatments by using CRISPR-Cas9 to directly target cancer cell genomic DNA in cellular and animal cancer models. In addition, CRISPR-Cas9 can combat oncogenic infections and test anticancer medicines. It may design immune cells and oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapeutic applications. In this review, these preclinical CRISPRCas9- based cancer therapeutic techniques are summarised, along with the hurdles and advancements in converting therapeutic CRISPR-Cas9 into clinical use. It will increase their applicability in cancer research.

Funder

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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