A Review on Different Analytical Techniques for Determination of DNP Drugs and their Metabolites in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Abstract

Background: Neuropathy is the most common perplexity of diabetes type 1 and 2. About 50% of diabetic patients develop diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). At the beginning of diabetic neuropathy, there is a loss of sense, especially in the lower limb, accompanied by pain, and difficulty in movement. Glucose regulation effectively prevents the development of diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetic patients, but the consequences in type 2 diabetic patients are more drastic. Introduction: No single treatment exists to prevent or renovate the pain caused by diabetic neuropathy. The drugs used for the treatment of DNP come in various formulations and with different storage conditions. To date, a number of analytical methodologies have been reported for the analysis of DNP drugs. Few reports are published describing analytical methods of single DNP drugs. Methods: The main objective of this review is to compile the different analytical methods developed at UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometer, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), and LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry) to identify and quantify the drug content in various formulations, which are used to treat or prevent the diabetic neuropathic pain mainly focusing on γ-aminobutyric acid analogues, anti-depressants, Serotonin Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), aldose reductase inhibitors, opioids, and dietary supplements. Results and Discussion: We have compiled UV-Vis, HPLC, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry analytical methods developed to study the pharmacokinetic profile, quantify drug content, and their metabolites in plasma as well as pharmaceutical formulations. Conclusion: The authors believe that the mentioned studies in the report will help audible readers to select a suitable method for analysis of these drugs and also help researchers to develop a more convenient, fast, and sensitive method for these.