Recent Methods for Biogenic Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles and their Applications

Abstract

Nanoparticles are among the most important tools under investigation due to their application in optical, electrical, biological, sensing, and photocatalytic systems. Nanoparticles made by plants have a larger range of sizes and shapes and are far more stable. Investigators' fascination with producing metal-based nanoparticles, such as those of silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cerium (Ce), has been aroused by the study of biological systems. In a manner analogous to this, microorganisms produce valuable substances like antibiotics, acids, and pigments as well as proteins and bioactive metabolites. The plant-based synthesis uses a variety of extracts, including fruit, leaves, roots, peel, bark, seeds, twigs, stems, shoots, and seedlings. The primary theme of the chapter is the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles mediated by plants. The potential applications of nanoparticles across a variety of fields have altered the research and industries that are briefly discussed in this chapter.