Affiliation:
1. Infertility and Reproductive
Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
2. Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School Of
Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Objective:
Diet may have an impact on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development;
nevertheless, controvertible studies have been published. The aim of this study was to provide
evidence from analytical studies on the relationship between diet and GDM development.
Methods:
Following the PRISMA guidelines, ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Google Scholar,
Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for articles published in the English language
from Jan 2005 to Dec 2020. We included observational studies, assessed their risk of bias,
and extracted data on association between diet status and GDM development. Keywords were selected
based on the Mesh terms, which included gestational diabetes mellitus“, “GDM”, “diet,” “nutrition,”
“food,” “dietary pattern which was combined by "OR" and "AND" Boolean operators. Two
reviewers (SHA and PM) independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles and extracted data.
Results:
Among the 5 articles included, 4 were case-control and one was a cross-sectional study.
Studies have shown that diets with a high intake of saturated fatty acids (more than 10% of total daily
fat intake) and trans fatty acids (more than 1% of total daily fat intake) before and during pregnancy
significantly increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion:
High intake of saturated fat and trans fat before and during pregnancy can disturb glucose
metabolism and increase the risk of GDM, although all of the studies recommend more widespread
observational and clinical trials studies to identify the exact relationship between high saturated
and trans fatty acids intake and GDM.
Funder
Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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