Affiliation:
1. Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2. Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 166 (TMEM166) is a lysosomal/endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated
protein found in different species where it functions as a regulator of programmed cell
death through autophagy and apoptosis. It is expressed in a variety of normal tissues and organs,
and it is involved in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cancers,
infection, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies indicated that
TMEM166 is associated with autophagosomal membrane development. TMEM166 can cause lysosomal
membrane permeabilization (LMP) leading to the release of proteolytic enzymes, e.g.,
cathepsins, that may cause potential mitochondrial membrane damage, which triggers several autophagic
and apoptotic events. A low level of TMEM166 expression is also found in tumors, while
high level of TMEM166 is found in brain ischemia. In addition, loss of TMEM166 leads to impaired
NSC self-renewal and differentiation along with a decrease in autophagy. These findings offer
a comprehensive understanding of the pathways involved in the role of TMEM166 in programmed
cell death and treatment of various diseases.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Biochemistry,General Medicine,Structural Biology
Cited by
1 articles.
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