Pulmonaryfunction tests and their correlation with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre

Abstract

: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common comorbidities and is the major risk factor for many diseases. This study is aimed at evaluating the pulmonary function tests in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their correlation with glycaemic control. The objective of this study is to evaluate pulmonary function test parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. To correlate pulmonary function tests with HbA1c. To evaluate association of pulmonary function tests in type 2 diabetics with duration of diabetes. : This is a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of one year on 30 diabetics with good glycaemic control and 30 diabetics with poor glycaemic control who were admitted or visited the outpatient department of the Department of General Medicine, and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Required history, general examination was done, lab results of HbA1c, FBS, PPBS were collected. Spirometry data collected and values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR were analysed and restriction in lungs was found out. 60% of the uncontrolled diabetic patients were having a restrictive lung disease when compared to only 30% controlled diabetics having restrictive disease in their lungs. When comparing restriction in lungs in both groups with independent t test, it was found to be significant with a p- value of 0.019 (p value< 0.05 was considered significant at 95% confident interval).Hyperglycaemia is one of the risk factors for developing restrictive type of lung dysfunction. Adequate glycaemic control and timely pulmonary function testing and follow-up are very important to prevent pulmonary complications of lung.