From Grade School to University: The Variable Use of on/nous by University FSL Students

Abstract

This study examines factors correlated with the use of nous and on by university students formerly enrolled in French immersion programs. Their variant frequency and stylistic appropriateness are compared to those of (1) former core French university students; (2) French as a second language (FSL) speakers in a francophone environment; and (3) native speakers of French. The study also explores whether the former immersion students' use is closer to native norms than is that of high school immersion students and, if so, what factors trigger such a change from high school to university. The findings show that the former immersion students use on more frequently than do high school immersion and former core French learners. Furthermore, among the former immersion students, those with early exposure to and prolonged institutional contact with French and those who use French frequently tend to use on and nous in ways approaching use by FSL speakers in a francophone environment and native speakers of French.