OncoLoop: A Network-Based Precision Cancer Medicine Framework

Author:

Vasciaveo Alessandro1ORCID,Arriaga Juan Martín2ORCID,de Almeida Francisca Nunes2ORCID,Zou Min2ORCID,Douglass Eugene F.1,Picech Florencia2ORCID,Shibata Maho345ORCID,Rodriguez-Calero Antonio67ORCID,de Brot Simone8ORCID,Mitrofanova Antonina1ORCID,Chua Chee Wai345ORCID,Karan Charles19ORCID,Realubit Ronald19ORCID,Pampou Sergey19ORCID,Kim Jaime Y.2ORCID,Afari Stephanie N.2ORCID,Mukhammadov Timur2ORCID,Zanella Luca1ORCID,Corey Eva10ORCID,Alvarez Mariano J.111ORCID,Rubin Mark A.612ORCID,Shen Michael M.134513ORCID,Califano Andrea139131415ORCID,Abate-Shen Cory12351316ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Systems Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

2. 2Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

3. 3Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

4. 4Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

5. 5Department of Urology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

6. 6Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

7. 7Institute of Pathology, University of Bern and Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.

8. 8COMPATH, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

9. 9J.P. Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

10. 10Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

11. 11DarwinHealth Inc., New York, New York.

12. 12Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), Bern, Switzerland.

13. 13Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

14. 14Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

15. 15Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

16. 16Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

Abstract

Abstract Prioritizing treatments for individual patients with cancer remains challenging, and performing coclinical studies using patient-derived models in real time is often unfeasible. To circumvent these challenges, we introduce OncoLoop, a precision medicine framework that predicts drug sensitivity in human tumors and their preexisting high-fidelity (cognate) model(s) by leveraging drug perturbation profiles. As a proof of concept, we applied OncoLoop to prostate cancer using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) that recapitulate a broad spectrum of disease states, including castration-resistant, metastatic, and neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Interrogation of human prostate cancer cohorts by Master Regulator (MR) conservation analysis revealed that most patients with advanced prostate cancer were represented by at least one cognate GEMM-derived tumor (GEMM-DT). Drugs predicted to invert MR activity in patients and their cognate GEMM-DTs were successfully validated in allograft, syngeneic, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of tumors and metastasis. Furthermore, OncoLoop-predicted drugs enhanced the efficacy of clinically relevant drugs, namely, the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab and the AR inhibitor enzalutamide. Significance: OncoLoop is a transcriptomic-based experimental and computational framework that can support rapid-turnaround coclinical studies to identify and validate drugs for individual patients, which can then be readily adapted to clinical practice. This framework should be applicable in many cancer contexts for which appropriate models and drug perturbation data are available. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247

Funder

National Cancer Institute

Publisher

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

Subject

Oncology

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