Peritoneal Microenvironment Promotes Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Growth: A Multi-omics Approach Using Patient-Derived Xenografts

Author:

Pattalachinti Vinay K.12ORCID,Ito Ichiaki1ORCID,Chowdhury Saikat1ORCID,Yousef Abdelrahman1ORCID,Gu Yue1ORCID,Gunes Betul Beyza1ORCID,Salle Emma R.3ORCID,Taggart Melissa W.4ORCID,Fournier Keith5ORCID,Fowlkes Natalie W.3ORCID,Shen John Paul1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

2. 2The Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.

3. 3Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

4. 4Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

5. 5Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Abstract

Abstract Appendiceal adenocarcinoma (AA) is unique from other gastrointestinal malignancies in that it almost exclusively metastasizes to the peritoneal cavity. However, few studies have investigated the molecular interaction of the peritoneal microenvironment and AA. Here, we use a multi-omics approach with orthotopic and flank-implanted patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to study the effect of the peritoneal microenvironment on AA. AA tumors implanted in the peritoneal microenvironment tended to grow faster and displayed greater nuclear expression of Ki-67 relative to the same tumors implanted in the flank. Comparing the tumor-specific transcriptome (excluding stromal transcription), the peritoneal microenvironment relatively upregulated genes related to proliferation, including MKI67 and EXO1. Peritoneal tumors were also enriched for proliferative gene sets, including E2F and Myc Targets. Proteomic studies found a 2.5-fold increased ratio of active-to-inactive phosphoforms of the YAP oncoprotein in peritoneal tumors, indicating downregulation of Hippo signaling. Implications: The peritoneal microenvironment promotes growth of appendiceal tumors and expression of proliferative pathways in PDXs.

Funder

National Cancer Institute

Publisher

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

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