Three‐dimensional analysis of mandibular and mental canals corroborating with teeth and mental foramen by cone beam computed tomography

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to analyse the 3D patterns of the mandibular and mental canals (MDC and MC) referring to the surrounding prominent surgical landmarks such as teeth and mental foramen by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsCBCT scans of 354 patients aged 18–67 years with mandibular first premolar to second molar were included and reconstructed 3‐dimensionally (3D) by mimics. The parameters of MDC and MC were measured referring to teeth and mental foramen.ResultsFrom the first premolars to the second molars, the mandibular canals showed a trend of gradually closer to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) of the adjacent teeth and farther away from the buccal cortical plate. The distance of the MDC with the root apexes (RA) was relatively constant from the first premolar to the first molar, but became much closer to the second molar. About 10.8% of the second molars had MDC‐RA distances of shorter than 2 mm, and 1.34% even had the MDC superior to the RA. Moreover, the Type III of MC presented in 66.0% of the subjects and had a relatively longer length. Besides, the existence of Type I MC may be related to the MDC featuring with close distances to the RA and CEJ of the adjacent teeth.ConclusionDentists and surgeons should know the patterns of mandibular and mental canals. A better understanding of the MDC and MC and their relationship to local anatomical landmarks may facilitate the planning of surgeries and alert potential nerve injuries in the operative procedures.