1. Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA
2. United States Forest Service Southern Research Station Blacksburg VA USA
3. Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA
4. United States Forest Service Northern Research Station, Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA
5. Department of Wildlife Fish & Conservation Biology and Center for Watershed Sciences University of California Davis CA USA