The judicial superego: Implicit egoism, internalized racism, and prejudice in three million sentencing decisions

Author:

Chen Daniel L.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Toulouse School of Economics, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST) University of Toulouse Capitole Toulouse France

Abstract

AbstractI document implicit egoism across 3 million sentencing decisions. In administrative data from the U.S. New Orleans District Attorney's office for 1988–1999 and Chile for 2014–2019, sentences are 8% longer and 2% longer, respectively, when the judge and defendant's first initials match. Name letter effects measure implicit self‐esteem. Faced with ego threat, high self‐esteem individuals punish negatively valenced targets as self‐regulation. In New Orleans, effects are larger for Black defendants labeled by police as “N” rather than “B.” Consistent with recent theoretical models, Black–White sentence differences double for egoist judges, and this effect is especially pronounced among Black judges.

Funder

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

European Research Council

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Publisher

Wiley

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