Characteristics of emerging new autoimmune diseases after <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 vaccination: A sub‐study by the <scp>COVAD</scp> group-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Characteristics of emerging new autoimmune diseases after COVID‐19 vaccination: A sub‐study by the COVAD group

Published:2024-05 Issue:5 Volume:27 Page:
ISSN:1756-1841
Container-title:International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
language:en
Short-container-title:Int J of Rheum Dis

Author:

Shumnalieva Russka¹^ORCID,Ravichandran Naveen²^ORCID,Hannah Jennifer³,Javaid Mahnoor⁴^ORCID,Darooka Naitica⁵^ORCID,Roy Debaditya⁶,Gonzalez Daniel E.⁷,Velikova Tsvetelina⁸^ORCID,Milchert Marcin⁹^ORCID,Kuwana Masataka¹⁰^ORCID,Joshi Mrudula¹¹^ORCID,Gracia‐Ramos Abraham Edgar¹²^ORCID,Boyd Peter¹³^ORCID,Yaadav Praggya¹⁴^ORCID,Cheng Karen¹⁵^ORCID,Kobert Linda¹⁶,Cavagna Lorenzo¹⁷^ORCID,Sen Parikshit¹⁸^ORCID,Day Jessica¹⁹²⁰²¹^ORCID,Makol Ashima²²^ORCID,Gutiérrez Carlos Enrique Toro²³^ORCID,Caballero‐Uribe Carlo V.²⁴^ORCID,Saha Sreoshy²⁵^ORCID,Parodis Ioannis²⁶²⁷^ORCID,Dey Dzifa²⁸^ORCID,Nikiphorou Elena²⁹³⁰^ORCID,Distler Oliver³¹^ORCID,Kadam Esha⁵^ORCID,Tan Ai Lyn³²³³^ORCID,Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki³⁴^ORCID,Ziade Nelly³⁵³⁶^ORCID,Knitza Johannes³⁷³⁸^ORCID,Chinoy Hector³⁹⁴⁰⁴¹^ORCID,Aggarwal Rohit⁴²^ORCID,Agarwal Vikas²^ORCID,Gupta Latika³⁹⁴³^ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Rheumatology, Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital “St. Ivan Rilski” Medical University‐Sofia Sofia Bulgaria

2. Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India

3. Department of Rheumatology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK

4. Medical College Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan

5. Seth Gordhandhas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edwards Memorial Hospital Mumbai Maharashtra India

6. Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) Kolkata West Bengal India

7. Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Galveston Texas USA

8. Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital “Lozenetz” Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia Bulgaria

9. Department of Internal Diseases Rheumatology Diabetology Geriatrics and Clinical Immunology with the Sub‐Department of Gastroenterology Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin Szczecin Poland

10. Department of Allergy and Rheumatology Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo Japan

11. Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals Pune India

12. Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital, National Medical Center “La Raza” Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Mexico City Mexico

13. Chair of the EULAR PARE Committee and Services Support Officer with Arthritis Ireland Dublin Ireland

14. Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Latur Maharashtra India

15. EU Patient Advocacy Lead Myositis Support and Understanding (MSU) Lincoln Delaware USA

16. Research and Communications Specialist The Myositis Association (TMA) Columbia Maryland USA

17. Rheumatology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicine Interna e Terapia Medica Università degli Studi di Pavia Pavia Italy

18. Maulana Azad Medical College Delhi India

19. Department of Rheumatology Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia

20. Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville Victoria Australia

21. Department of Medical Biology University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia

22. Division of Rheumatology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA

23. Reference Center for Osteoporosis, Rheumatology and Dermatology Pontifica Universidad Javeriana Cali Cali Colombia

24. Department of Medicine Hospital Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Atlantico Colombia

25. Mymensingh Medical College Mymensingh Bangladesh

26. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden

27. Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Örebro University Örebro Sweden

28. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry Accra Ghana

29. Centre for Rheumatic Diseases King's College London London UK

30. Rheumatology Department King's College Hospital London UK

31. Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland

32. NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust Leeds UK

33. Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK

34. Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

35. Rheumatology Department Saint‐Joseph University Beirut Lebanon

36. Rheumatology Department Hotel‐Dieu de France Hospital Beirut Lebanon

37. Medizinische Klinik 3 – Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany

38. Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Marburg Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany

39. Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK

40. National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust The University of Manchester Manchester UK

41. Department of Rheumatology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Salford UK

42. Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

43. Department of Rheumatology Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust Wolverhampton UK

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundDespite the overall safety and efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccinations, rare cases of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDs) have been reported post‐vaccination. This study used a global survey to analyze SAIDs in susceptible individuals' post‐vaccination.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among participants with self‐reported new‐onset SAIDs using the COVID‐19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) 2 study dataset—a validated, patient‐reported e‐survey—to analyze the long‐term safety of COVID‐19 vaccines. Baseline characteristics of patients with new‐onset SAIDs and vaccinated healthy controls (HCs) were compared after propensity score matching based on age and sex in a 1:4 ratio.ResultsOf 16 750 individuals, 74 (median age 52 years, 79.9% females, and 76.7% Caucasians) had new‐onset SAID post‐vaccination, mainly idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) (n = 23, 31.51%), arthritis (n = 15; 20.53%), and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (n = 12, 16.40%). Higher odds of new‐onset SAIDs were noted among Caucasians (OR = 5.3; 95% CI = 2.9–9.7; p < .001) and Moderna vaccine recipients (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.3–5.3; p = .004). New‐onset SAIDs were associated with AID multimorbidity (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1–1.7; p < .001), mental health disorders (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; p < .001), and mixed race (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2–4.2; p = .010), where those aged >60 years (OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4–0.8; p = .007) and from high/medium human development index (HDI) countries (compared to very high HDI) reported fewer events than HCs.ConclusionThis study reports a low occurrence of new‐onset SAIDs following COVID‐19 vaccination, primarily IIMs, PMR, and inflammatory arthritis. Identified risk factors included pre‐existing AID multimorbidity, mental health diseases, and mixed race. Revaccination was well tolerated by most patients; therefore, we recommend continuing COVID‐19 vaccination in the general population. However, long‐term studies are needed to understand the autoimmune phenomena arising post‐vaccination.

Publisher

Wiley

Link

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1756-185X.15178

Reference31 articles.

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