Histone acetylation, BET proteins, and periodontal inflammation

Author:

Clayton Nicholas1,Pellei David1,Lin Zhao1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Periodontics School of Dentistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA

Abstract

AbstractPeriodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases in humans. The susceptibility to periodontitis is largely determined by the host response, and the severity of inflammation predicts disease progression. Upon microbial insults, host cells undergo massive changes in their transcription program to trigger an appropriate response (inflammation). It is not surprising that successful keystone pathogens have developed specific mechanisms to manipulate the gene expression network in host cells. Emerging data has indicated that epigenetic regulation plays a significant role in inflammation. Acetylation of lysine residues on histones is a major epigenetic modification of chromatin, highly associated with the accessibility of chromatin and activation of transcription. Specific histone acetylation patterns are observed in inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. Bromo‐ and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins recognize acetylated histones and then recruit transcription factors and transcription elongation complexes to chromatin. BET proteins are regulated in inflammatory diseases and small molecules blocking the function of BET proteins are promising “epi‐drugs” for treating inflammatory diseases.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Microbiology (medical),General Dentistry,Immunology,Microbiology

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